Serializers, Deserializers

Serializers, Deserializers (SerDes) are analogue semiconductor devices designed to serialize and deserialize parallel interfaces and serial data in high-speed communications in either direction. These devices, or chips, are the functional units that function opposite each other. They convert parallel data into serial form to enable them to travel in supported forms in various devices such as displays, image sensors, and image processors. Of the uncountable benefits and specifications, their main purpose is to allow data transmission across varied lines to lower the interconnects and input/out pins to save bandwidth. 

What are the Benefits of Using Serializers and Deserializers?

There are multiple advantages to using SerDes technology. Some of their benefits include: 

• They reduce the channel (cable) and pin counts. 
• Available in multiple packages and design options.   
• They are highly reliable in functionality.
• Compensation for limited I/O with improved device performance.
• They are economical and reduce the package cost, board space, and complexity. 
• Can cover long distances (data paths) across backplanes and PCBs (printed circuit boards).

What are the Types (Based on Architecture) of Serializers, Deserializers?

SerDes are classified into the following architecture types, including: 

• Parallel Clock: Designed to serialize parallel bus inputs along with the control and data address signals, where a reference clock is utilized for data stream synchronization.
• Embedded Clock: This serves to serialize the clock and data into single streams, sequentially transmitted to create a periodic rising edge at the data stream’s beginning. 
• Bit Interleaved: Multiplex and demultiplex devices that multiplex a range of slow streams of data into efficient data streams. In contrast, the receivers work in the opposite manner and demultiplex the faster data streams into slower ones. 
• SerDes (8b/10b): As data mapping devices, they are designed to map the data to 10-bit codes before the serializing process. Using the reference clock, a deserializer monitors the recovered bit stream clock.  

What are the Typical Applications of Serializers, Deserializers?

The SerDes chips are the essential components widely used in high-speed communications. They are used in:

• Wireless routers
• Storage applications
• Fiber optic communication systems
• Gigabit Ethernet Systems
• High-Speed Computing (HPC)
• Automotive
• Artificial Intelligence
• Mobile Phones
• Internet of Things (IoT) Applications.