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Showing Results For: Metal Oxide Varistors

Metal Oxide Varistors

A metal oxide varistor is a type of component that is used in electrical equipment. The word varistor is a shortly used term for variable varistor. Resistors are circuits that are known for not conducting electricity well. This is useful for controlling the amount of current that flows to certain parts of electronic devices. A metal oxide varistor is known to efficiently and effectively conduct a low amount of current. However, it will stop conducting the current when it reaches high voltage levels.

Due to this property of metal oxide varistors, they are used in electrical surge protectors. When the current level is normal, the MOV will pass current to the devices connected to the surge protectors. However, when there is a power surge, the MOV will direct the current to itself and prevent it from reaching the device. This is useful for protecting sensitive electronic components. There are other surge protector devices, but a metal oxide varistor is much quicker to react in the situation of a sudden power surge.

Composition of Metal Oxide Varistors

Metal oxide varistors are commonly made of zinc oxides or other such substances. These substances make them effective for passing low current amounts at normal household levels. When the electrical current increases to a certain point known as the breakover point or breakover voltage, the small zinc particles will start conducting the electrical current only among themselves. This will restrict the high voltage current from passing into the surge protector or the connected devices, preventing them from getting damaged.

Applications of Metal Oxide Varistors

There are various applications of metal oxide varistors that include the following:

  • MOVs protect against over-voltage, voltage spike, arching, line-to-line, and switching.
  • These varistors are useful for protecting devices from various kinds of defects,
  • They are utilized for a single-phase L to L, a line to ground protection inside electrical circuits.
  • MOVs protect switching devices like thyristors, transistors, MOSFETs, etc.
  • They are commonly used in electrical circuits to protect against current surges and voltage spikes.
  • You will find them being used in adaptors, strips, etc.
  • MOVs are also used in common electrical gadgets like mobile phones, digital cameras, mp3 players, etc.
  • Metal oxide varistors protect the data systems, power systems, AC lines, etc.

MOV Performance

MOV mainly works as a surge suppressor. The varistor will stop conducting when the voltage across the varistor is below the clamping voltage. Over time the performance of the varistor will become slow because of the power surges, even if they are small. Another factor that can affect the MOV performance is the rating of energy. The performance efficiency can be increased when the varistors are connected in parallel.

MOV’s main feature is its response time because the power surges can occur very suddenly, even in nanoseconds. However, the mounting design technique can also affect the response time, and the component leads to inductance.

Safety Measures

There is a risk of fire breakout when MOV absorbs high voltage. For such reasons, the US Consumer Product Safety Commission and similar agencies in other countries require safeguards in surge protectors. This is also why PC manufacturers do not simply place the MOV in the computer. The ideal solution is to have a surge protector consisting of many components and fuses connected in series with a MOV. If the varistor fails, the other components will still protect the connected devices from damage.


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VGAH222026Y570DP, AVX
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GMOV-20D231K, Bourns
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Littelfuse LSP05 Thermally Protected Varistor Module LSP05 thermally protected varistor module designed for use in outdoor and commercial LED lighting fixtures for transient overvoltage protection. This thermally protected surge device has a parallel connection and a built-in thermal disconnect function that provides additional protection to prevent catastrophic failure and fire hazards. Additional features of this LSP05 thermally protected SPD include a maximum discharge current of 10kA 8/20μs, IP66 protection, indication wire lead options and a compact form factor of 48x48x30mm with mounting flanges. Typical applications for this LSP05 thermally protected varistor module include outdoor and commercial LED lighting, roadway lighting, traffic lighting, digital signage, street lighting and flood lighting. Stock number 827-4331 is supplied without a GND wire connection, available for240Vac and 277Vac rating with CE marking for Class II unearth installation Standards Meets ANSI C136.2/ IEEE C62.41.2 Location Category C Low Exposure CE Compliance IEC61643-11 Class II/ EN61643-11 Type 2 Transient Voltage Suppressors (Modules,Industrial) Voltage surges, often referred to as spikes or transient overvoltages are typically caused by switching of fluorescent lights, fuses blowing or nearby lightning activity. The worst voltage surges are usually caused by lightning activity and can reach up to 6000V, with current surges of up to 3000A. The maximum size of the voltage and current surges depends on the location within the buildings wiring system. BS6651:1999 Annex C which was replaced in August 2008 by BS EN 62305-4:2006 is complemented by BS EN 61643-11/12 and covers location categories and provides guidance on protection of electronic equipment. For mains power systems, Types I, II and III are used. Surge protection devices not designed to fit into these...
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ERZE08A221, Panasonic

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Metal Oxide Varistors ZNR Series E8 Large surge current and energy handling capacity in relation to the compact size. Various pitches, sizes and voltages RoHS compliant
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VC32M00301KBA, AVX

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SMT Transient Suppressors - VC32 Series Higher voltage rating and transient energy rating than typical multi-layer ceramic varistors Proven Zinc Oxide formulation Top and bottom surfaces glass coated Radial MOV replacement Dimensions (mm) : 8.5x5x2
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B72214S2321K101, EPCOS

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Leaded varistors are varistor elements with lead wires as terminals. The coating of the varistors is made of flame-retardant material.
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AVX High Temperature 150°C Multi-Layer Varistors are designed for under-hood and other high temperature automotive or industrial applications. They offer bi-directional over-voltage protection as well as EMI/RFI attenuation in a single SMT package. This allows designers the ability to combine the circuit protection and EMI/RFI attenuation function into a single highly reliable device. The glass encapsulation provides enhanced resistance against harsh environment or process such as acidic environment, salts or chlorite flux. Available in 1206 to 3220 case size, 16 – 31Vdc working voltage, energy rating 0.6 -13J, load dump energy 1.5 – 50J, peak current 200 – 1800A and capacitance 700 – 15000pF. Operating temperature range is -55°C to +150°C. Parts offer excellent lead free solderability thanks to Ni Barrier/100% Sn termination. 150°C High Temperature EMI/RFI filtering in the off-state Typical Applications Under Hood Down Hole Drilling Applications with Temperatures up to 150°C
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Leaded varistors are varistor elements with lead wires as terminals. The coating of the varistors is made of flame-retardant material. Wide operating voltage range 11 … 1100 VRMS High surge current ratings up to 8 kA No derating up to 105 °C ambient temperature For S14/ S20 types duty cycle @ 6 kV/ 3 kA = >10 pulses, according to IEC 60950-1, Annex Q, IEC 61051-2 PSpice models
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Littelfuse Metal Oxide Varistors - LA / MA / ZA Series Littelfuse metal oxide varistors are compact and versatile, and can be used within a wide range of applications. The LA series of MOV’s are radial-lead varistors that are designed to be operated continuously across AC power lines. The MA series of MOV’s are axial-lead varistors that are designed for use in a wide variety of board level industrial and commercial electronic equipment, protecting components and signal/data lines from low energy transients. The ZA series of MOV’s are radial-lead varistors that are designed for use in the protection of low and medium-voltage circuits and systems. Typical applications include motor control, telecom, automotive systems, solenoid, and power supply circuits to protect circuit board components and maintain data integrity.
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820521311, Wurth Elektronik

820521311, Wurth Elektronik

Disk Varistors WE-VD series Almost no energy consumption in stand-by mode After a surge impulse the varistor works immediately in normal mode so there is no slip current Excellent absorption at surge impulses Operating temperature:–40 ºC to +85 ºC for types up to 95 VRMS–40 ºC to +125 ºC for types from 115 VRMS Approvals UL, CSA and VDE certified
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ERZVF2M221, Panasonic

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Metal Oxide Varistors ZNR Series SMD Panasonic VF surge absorbers are designed for flow and reflow soldering. These surge absorbers feature low clamping voltage and large withstanding surge current capability. VF surge absorbers are part of the Zinc-oxide Non-Linear Resistor (ZNR) range. Saving cost and board space, they can perform the same function as two back to back zener diodes and a parallel connected capacitor. Compact size Surface mount Protective coating Applications Typical applications include the absorption of switching surge from relays and protection of consumer and industrial equipment. These surge absorbers can be used to protect communication modules such as terminal adopters, modems and xDSL technology. Standards PCQC (GB/T10193, GB/T10194)
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