Introduction Temperature management is a critical aspect of automotive design, affecting engine performance, passenger comfort, and overall vehicle reliability. In this context, the constantly-evolving automotive industry has witnessed a significant impact from the integration of multi-channel temperature sensors. These multifunction
Introduction HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems are central to maintaining indoor comfort, energy consumption, and air quality in multiple buildings. With the progression in technology, HVAC systems have also advanced through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and
Introduction In today’s digital and technological landscape, effective and seamless connectivity is key. Whether it’s for data transfer, charging devices, or connecting peripherals, USB (Universal Serial Bus) hubs have become indispensable tools in our daily lives––thanks to advanced Printed Circuit
Introduction Baluns––short for “balanced to unbalanced,” are essential components in many RF (radio frequency), microwave and antenna engineering systems. They serve as the bridging components with the crucial functionality of transforming signals between balanced and unbalanced modes, making them vital
Introduction 5G technology is a game-changer in the realm of telecommunications, IoT, and mobile broadband, providing faster speeds, lower latency, and increased capacity. The rollout of 5G networks is ongoing worldwide–-bringing us closer to a more interconnected and technologically advanced
Introduction Power amplifiers are significant components in the world of electronics–enhancing the amplitude of electrical signals to drive various devices such as speakers, transmitters, and more. Among the different classes of power amplifiers, Class B amplifiers stand out for their
Introduction The world of analog electronics relies heavily on the accurate modeling of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). These tiny semiconductor devices are the building blocks of many high-performance analog circuits; however, any deviation from their ideal behaviour can introduce distortion,
Introduction The electrification of transportation has undoubtedly emerged as a critical solution to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change. The electric vehicles (EVs) environmental benefits can only be fully realised when charged with renewable energy sources. This article presents
Introduction Power supplies serve as a backbone in any electronic system, providing the necessary voltage and current to ensure the proper functionality, stability, and reliability of electronic devices. Among their several forms and configurations, modular power supplies have gained robust
Introduction Due to the increasing prevalence of portable electronic devices, energy efficiency has become a paramount concern. Users of smartphones, laptops, tablets, and wearables expect their devices to deliver high performance without constantly needing to recharge. To meet these demands,
